备考攻略

一、表示原因 (1-6)

1. be attributed to —— 归因于
   • Higher repair costs can be attributed to delayed maintenance decisions.
   • 更高的维修成本可归因于延迟的维护决策。
2. stem from —— 源于
   • Emergency roof repairs often stem from neglected preventative maintenance.
   • 紧急屋顶维修往往源于忽视的预防性维护。
3. be driven by —— 由……推动
   • The decision to replace now is driven by long-term cost considerations.
   • 现在更换的决定是由长期成本考虑推动的。
4. result from —— 由于……而发生
   • Structural damage often results from postponing necessary roof replacement.
   • 结构性损坏往往是由于推迟必要的屋顶更换而发生的。
5. originate from —— 起源于
   • Water damage issues originate from compromised roof integrity.
   • 漏水问题起源于受损的屋顶完整性。
6. be caused by a combination of factors —— 由多种因素造成
   • Building deterioration is caused by a combination of factors, including aging roofs and deferred maintenance.
   • 建筑恶化是由包括老化屋顶和延迟维护在内的多种因素造成的。

二、表示导致/引发 (7-12)

1. precipitate —— 加速/促成
   • Waiting too long could precipitate a complete roof failure.
   • 等待太久可能会加速屋顶的完全损坏。
2. give rise to —— 引起
   • A leaking roof can give rise to extensive interior damage.
   • 漏水的屋顶可能引起大面积的内部损坏。
3. bring about —— 带来
   • Preventative replacement would bring about significant long-term savings.
   • 预防性更换将带来显著的长期节省。
4. bring forth —— 带来/产生
   • Proactive maintenance can bring forth improved property value.
   • 主动维护可以带来财产价值的提升。
5. trigger —— 引发
   • A major leak could trigger costly emergency repairs.
   • 严重漏水可能引发昂贵的紧急维修。
6. contribute to —— 促成
   • Regular roof maintenance contributes to the building's overall longevity.
   • 定期屋顶维护有助于建筑物的整体寿命。

三、表示让步 (13-18)

1. admittedly —— 固然

• Admittedly, immediate replacement requires substantial upfront investment.
• 固然，立即更换需要大量的前期投资。

1. granted that —— 诚然

• Granted that Option B saves money initially, it may cost more eventually.
• 诚然，选项B最初能省钱，但最终可能花费更多。

1. while it is true that... —— 虽然……是真的

• While it is true that replacement is expensive, emergency repairs cost even more.
• 虽然更换确实昂贵是真的，但紧急维修的费用更高。

1. nonetheless —— 尽管如此

• The replacement cost is high; nonetheless, it prevents future emergencies.
• 更换成本很高；尽管如此，它能防止未来的紧急情况。

1. despite the fact that... —— 尽管……

• Despite the fact that deferring seems economical, it poses greater risks.
• 尽管推迟看似经济，但它带来更大的风险。

1. albeit that —— 尽管...

• Albeit that waiting reduces immediate expenses, the long-term consequences are severe.
• 尽管等待减少了即时开支，但长期后果是严重的。

四、表示例证 (19-24)

1. for instance —— 例如

• For instance, water damage from a failed roof can affect multiple apartment units.
• 例如，屋顶故障造成的水损可能影响多个公寓单元。

1. to illustrate —— 为了说明

• To illustrate, emergency repairs typically cost 3-4 times more than planned replacement.
• 为了说明，紧急维修的费用通常是计划更换的3-4倍。

1. as evidenced by —— 正如……所证明

• The benefits of preventative maintenance are evidenced by reduced long-term costs.
• 预防性维护的好处正如降低的长期成本所证明。

1. namely —— 即

• Two key factors, namely safety and cost-effectiveness, support Option A.
• 两个关键因素，即安全性和成本效益，支持选项A。

1. as an example —— 作为例子

• As an example, buildings with proactive maintenance have 40% lower repair costs.
• 作为例子，主动维护的建筑物维修成本低40%。

1. exemplified by —— 以……为例

• This principle is exemplified by well-maintained buildings lasting decades longer.
• 这一原则以维护良好的建筑物寿命延长几十年为例。

五、表示观点和总结 (25-30)

1. it is my firm belief that... —— 我坚信……

• It is my firm belief that Option A represents the more prudent choice.
• 我坚信选项A代表更谨慎的选择。

1. there is no denying that... —— 不可否认……

• There is no denying that preventative replacement is more cost-effective long-term.
• 不可否认，预防性更换从长远来看更具成本效益。

1. I am of the opinion that —— 我认为

• I am of the opinion that proactive maintenance prevents costly emergencies.
• 我认为，主动维护可以防止昂贵的紧急情况。

1. it can be concluded that... —— 可以得出结论……

• It can be concluded that immediate replacement minimizes overall expenses.
• 可以得出结论，立即更换能最小化总体费用。

1. it is evident that... —— 很明显……

• It is evident that delaying replacement increases financial and safety risks.
• 很明显，延迟更换会增加财务和安全风险。

1. this trend is likely to continue —— 这一趋势可能会继续

• If we defer maintenance, repair costs will escalate and this trend is likely to continue.
• 如果我们推迟维护，维修成本将上升，这一趋势可能会继续。